原文: Clearly one must have a command of the words of a language before comprehension can be achieved. There are, however, at least two other levels to be considered: syntax and discourse. It is almost pointless attempting to make sense of comprehensible lexis if one is not also very clear about how words are strung together in the target language. Understandings of word order, and the significance of changes in word order, are vital. Te anticipation and recognition of common, acceptable and essential collocations clearly help the process of extracting information and meaning. Beyond this, it is also of paramount importance to recognize and understand the conventions of discourse structure, both generally and within specific subject areas. Recognizing the topic sentence in a paragraph, or the use of discourse sequence markers, for example, are the first important steps.
题目: Complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of two words from the above paragraph to fill the spaces numbered 1-3.
Summary
reading comprehension is a multi-level skill: the reader must understand both individual words and how they operate (example) together. Word order is very important in predicting and (1) ______ the most usual combinations. To extract meaning quickly and effectively, it is also important to recognize conventional (2) _______and the importance of the (3)________and discourse markers.
[解题]在第一个空格的前后，我们找到关键词word order和usual combinations，并判断该空格中应填入一个动名词，因为前面有predicting这个动名词。然后我们在段落的第五行找到关键词word order，而下面一句就有：the anticipation and recognition of common, acceptable and essential collocations…，其中common, acceptable and essential collocations 就是usual combinations 的同义替换，因此答案就应该是anticipation或recognition的动名词形式，我们应填入anticipating或recognizing;同样地，在第二个空格前面有关键词important, recognize和conventional,而在文章的第七到第八行有这样的句子：beyond this, it is also of paramount importance to recognize and understand the conventions of discourse structure，其中of paramount importance就是important，单词recognize未变，而conventions变成了题目中的形容词conventional，因此我们可以判定答案为conventions后面的词组discourse structure;最后一个空格的后面出现关键词discourse markers，整个全句为： recognizing the topic sentence in a paragraph, or the use of discourse sequence markets, for example, are the first important steps, 因此答案为该句中的topic sentence。
SUMMARY是雅思阅读题的最难的题型之一,重点是要全面理解文章的意思，另外，词汇和语法的能力拓展也必不可少。
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