7. Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.
要点 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body.介词except引起的短语作状语。在介词短语like our own后面省略了planet.revolving为现在分词短语作定语，修饰our own planet.翻译时根据汉语习惯，将状语提前译出。
译文 事实上，除了像地球这样围绕太阳旋转的行星以外，我们不知道是否在其他类型的天体上也有适合生命存在的条件。
8. The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.
要点 这是主从复合句。其主句的谓语动词是had less to do with…… than……，意为“主要与…有关，而不是与…有关”，因为句子结构比较清晰，省略了句子的并列部分，如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and (with)an increase in leisure time省略了with;在……than it did with their own economic necessity and ( it did )with high marriage rates省略了it did.句中that引导的定语从句修饰high marriage rates.翻译时采用融合法，把重要的部分放在句首。
译文 20世纪已婚女性走出家门参加工作人数的增加主要是因为她们自己的经济需要，还与高结婚率使可参加工作的单身女工人数减少有关，而与家务机械化、妇女空闲时间增多关系不大。
9. The European union is an imperfect creature,with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones.
要点 这是简单句。句中with some of its actions based on fine principles是独立主格结构，作状语。因为与前一部分结构相同，句子后一部分省略了(with)some (of its actions based)on poor ones括号中的词。翻译时采用顺序法，对省略部分也要进行相应省略，以使句子表达简洁。
译文 欧盟是不完善的机构，它的一些举措是基于正确的政治经济原则之上的，而另一些却远非如此。
10. To Americans,being on one's own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.
要点 这是复合句，that引导宾语从句，其中capable and willing to make choices可以被看作宾语从句中的并列表语(其前省略了is)。翻译时采用顺序法。
译文 对美国人而言，依靠自己的力量就是指这个人作为整体的一部分是完全独立并能起作用的，他有能力也愿意做出选择。