雅思写作中如何加强词汇和句型的练习

　　第一，使用不同的词汇

　　a.使用同义词，比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词，你一定要掌握，出现的尤为频繁。

　　important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,

　　think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out, feel

　　nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days

　　b.改变词性，这是一种稍微难一些的方法，要求你的语法基础非常好，你才能灵活自如的运用。

　　n. → v.

　　Eg：When we look at a comparison between A and B…

　　When we compareA and B…

　　Adj. → n.

　　There are a variety of solutions to the problem.

　　There are various solutions to the problem.

　　c. 使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁，不仅是段落和段落的连接，还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。

　　because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for

　　but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas

　　so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently

　　d.形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改，会达到非比寻常的效果。

　　Eg: not as easy as…→ more difficult than…

　　Not uncommon→ common

　　The cheapest → the least expensive

　　第二，使用不同的句型

　　a. 改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法，完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。

　　Eg: For many years, people have believed ….

　　→People believed … for many years.

　　After this program has been solved, … can continue.

　　b. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换

　　Eg: Trained scientists performedthis research.

　　→This research was performed by trained scientists.

　　c. 使用“there be” 句型，可以将一个简单句，马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。

　　Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.

　　→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.

　　或 There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.

　　d. 定语从句，分词和插入语的互相替换

　　Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologistsin 2004, shows that…

　　→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

　　Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…

　　→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

　　接下来，Cite，即引用。综合写作乃客观写作，只是一个旁观者的角度对这两篇文章的内容进行描述，因此，某观点是出自哪篇文章一定要说清楚。所以，下面的这些句型在综合写作中必不可缺。

　　a. According to+noun.

　　Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…

　　b. Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause

　　Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that ...

　　或 The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view ...

　　c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the passage/lecture,...

　　最后，Synthesize，也就是连接。具体来讲，就是承接词的使用是相当重要的，将文章当中的重要信息连接起来，体现作者对于两篇文章的理解正确，说明作者的思路清楚。由于综合写作是对两篇文章的比较，所以下面表对比和递进的承接词使用的最频繁。

　　a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary

　　b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well